Phthalic anhydride (PA, C₈H₄O₃) yog ib qho tseem ceeb aromatic intermediate uas tsim los ntawm cov pa roj-phase catalytic oxidation ntawm o-xylene (CAS 95-}47-6) siv cua los yog oxygen-enriched cua.
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) Cov khoom
| Lub cev muaj zog | |
| Molecular hnyav | 106.17 |
| Boiling point | 144.41 Nws |
| Vapor siab | 6 Torr ntawm 20 degree |
| Qhov chaw khov | -25.18 ° C |
| Refractive Index | 1.5054 ntawm 20 degree |
| Qhov ntom | 0.8802 g / mL (7.346 lb / gal) ntawm 20 degree |
| 0.8760 g/mL (7.311 lb/gal) at 25℃ | |
| Dielectric tsis tu ncua | 2.57 at 20℃ |
| Dipole lub sijhawm | 0.45 D ntawm 25 degree |
| Solvent pawg | 7 |
| Polarity Index (P) | 2.5 |
| Eluotropic tus nqi ntawm alumina | 0.26 |
| viscosity | 0.81 cP ntawm 20 degree |
| Ntog nro | 30.03 dyn / cm ntawm 20 degree |
| Solubility hauv dej | 0.018% ntawm 25 degree |
| Cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm thiab kev nyab xeeb | |
| DOT Hazard Class | 3, Flammable kua |
| Packing Group | II |
| UN Identification Number | UN 1307 |
Phthalic Anhydride Ua li cas los ntawm o-Xylene?
Phthalic anhydride (C8H4O3) yog tsim los ntawm catalytic vapor-theem oxidation ntawmo-xylene (CAS 95-47-6)(C8H10) nrog cua, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ruaj - txaj, multi-tubular reactor. Cov txheej txheem siv lub catalyst muaj xws li vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) thiab titanium dioxide (TiO2), ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 340-450 degree. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog:
C8H10+3O2→C8H4O3+3H2O
1. Reactor System thiab Reactor Hom
Kev tsim khoom lag luam ntawm phthalic anhydride feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv tsau - txaj multitubular reactors featuring lub plhaub - thiab - raj configuration, nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntim nrog catalyst hais:
Cov raj tau ntim nrog cov catalyst, thaum lub tshav kub - hloov nruab nrab circulates los ntawm lub plhaub sab kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dhau.
Kev txais yuav cov qauv tshwj xeeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation ua kom muaj cua sov ntau heev.
- Kub yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis kom tsis txhob dhau -oxidation (piv txwv li, tsim COx).
- Localized overheating cov ntsiab lus (kub qhov chaw) tuaj yeem ua rau lub catalyst lub neej ua haujlwm luv thiab cuam tshuam nws cov kev xaiv.
2. Catalyst System
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog catalyzed los ntawm ib tug heterogeneous catalyst, cov yam ntxwv ntawm uas muaj xws li:
- Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) - active oxidizing tivthaiv
- Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) - kev txhawb nqa (lub hauv paus)
- Feem ntau hloov nrog kev txhawb nqa (piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov poov tshuaj lossis sulfur)
V₂O₅ muab cov haujlwm redox tsim nyog rau kev xaiv oxidation; TiO₂ txhim khu lub catalyst dispersion thiab mechanical stability; thiab cov neeg txhawb nqa txhim kho kev xaiv rau phthalic anhydride thaum inhibiting oxidation sib sib zog nqus.
3. Txheej Txheem Ntau Lawm
- Kub: 340-450 degree
- Siab: me ntsis siab dua atmospheric siab
- Feedstock: Ib qho sib xyaw ntawm vaporized o-xylene thiab cua
Oxygen-rau-Hydrocarbon Ratio: Yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo
Key Control Parameters:
- Pub concentration (o-xylene cov ntsiab lus hauv cov dej ntws)
- Qhov chaw tshaj tawm (tus nqi ntawm cov pa roj ntws los ntawm lub txaj catalyst)
- Temperature uniformity nyob rau hauv ntau lub raj hauv lub reactor
4. Reaction Mechanism (Simplified Industrial Perspective)
Cov txheej txheem oxidation tsis ua tiav los ntawm ib qho kev hloov pauv ncaj qha, tab sis maj mam maj mam dhau los ntawm cov kauj ruam nruab nrab:
ortho-xylene raug oxidation ib nrab los ua cov khoom nruab nrab; cov no tom qab tsim phthalic acid-cov tsiaj muaj feem xyuam rau ntawm qhov chaw catalyst, uas tom qab ntawd raug lub cev qhuav dej rau qhov kawg tawm los phthalic anhydride.
5. Cov khoom rov qab thiab kev sib cais
Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov khoom ntws muaj phthalic anhydride vapor, dej vapor, unreacted oxygen thiab nitrogen, thiab taug qab los ntawm - khoom. Cov roj kub kub yog txias txias hauv condensers kom rov qab tau phthalic anhydride, uas solidifies li flakes los yog sau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv molten nyob ntawm lub system tsim. Ntxiv purification cov kauj ruam xws li melting thiab filtration yog siv los tshem tawm impurities, thiab cov khoom kawg yog khaws cia thiab thauj tog twg los raws li cov khoom flakes los yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv molten nyob ntawm downstream daim ntawv thov.
6. Muaj kev siv ntawm Phthalic Anhydride
Phthalic anhydride ua los ntawm o-xylene ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov teb hauv qab no:
-
Plasticizers (PVC Kev Lag Luam)
Siv rau cov synthesis ntawm phthalate plasticizers
Siv rau hauv cov khoom siv PVC hloov tau (xws li, cables, films, flooring material)
-
Unsaturated Polyester Resins (UPR)
Siv hauv kev tsim cov Fiber-Reinforced Plastics (FRP)
Daim ntawv thov thaj chaw: Marine nkoj, kev tsim kho, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua
-
Alkyd Resins (Kev Lag Luam Coatings)
Siv nyob rau hauv cov xim, varnishes, thiab ntau yam industrial coatings
Imparts zoo heev adhesion thiab zaj duab xis - tsim cov khoom rau txheej
Xaus
o-Xylene (CAS 95-47-6)yog ib qho tseem ceeb aromatic intermediate feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov phthalic anhydride; tom kawg, dhau los, txhawb kev lag luam loj xws li polyesters, plasticizers, resins, thiab coatings. Nws qhov tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv nws lub luag hauj lwm raws li ib qho tseem ceeb structural tsev thaiv nyob rau hauv loj -scale petrochemical conversion txheej txheem.
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