Formaldehyde thiab formic acid feem ntau tsis meej pem vim lawv cov npe suab zoo sib xws, tab sis lawv yog cov tshuaj sib txawv kiag li. Formaldehyde yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws aldehyde, thaum formic acid yog qhov yooj yim carboxylic acid. Lawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv, cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev, sib txawv cov phom sij, thiab siv sib txawv. Ob yam khoom raug muab piv rau ib sab ntawm sab hauv qab kom cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem qhia lawv sib nrug nrog kev ntseeg siab.
Formaldehyde yog dab tsi?
Formaldehyde yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula HCHO thiab CAS naj npawb 50-00-0. Ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab siab nws yog cov roj tsis muaj xim uas muaj pungent, suffocating tsw. Nws yog feem ntau siv raws li cov tshuaj aqueous hu ua formalin, feem ntau ntawm cov concentration ntawm 37 feem pua. Formalin muaj qhov ceev ntawm 1.08 g / cm3 ntawm 20 degrees Celsius thiab boils ntawm kwv yees li 96 degrees Celsius. Formaldehyde yog cais raws li tib neeg carcinogen los ntawm cov koom haum saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv loj, thiab nws yog ib qho ua rau lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg, thiab caj pas.
Formic Acid yog dab tsi?
Formic acid yog cov organic acid nrog cov tshuaj formula HCOOH thiab CAS naj npawb 64-18-6. Nws yog cov tswv cuab yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm tsev neeg carboxylic acid thiab zoo li cov kua tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntse ntse, nkag mus rau tsw. Cov qib lag luam feem ntau yog muag raws li 90 feem pua aqueous tov nrog qhov ceev ntawm 1.20 g / cm3 ntawm 20 degrees Celsius. Pure formic acid melts ntawm li 10 degrees Celsius thiab boils ntawm txog 101 degrees Celsius. Nws yog ib qho muaj zog organic acid nrog pKa txog 3.77, thiab nws yog corrosive rau daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
Lawv cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv li cas?
Qhov sib txawv pib ntawm qib molecular. Formaldehyde muaj ib pab pawg carbonyl, carbon atom ob - khi rau cov pa atom, nrog ob lub hydrogen atoms txuas rau carbon. Formic acid kuj muaj cov pab pawg carbonyl, tab sis ib qho ntawm cov ntawv cog lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon muaj cov pab pawg hydroxyl tsis yog hydrogen atom. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no hloov pauv cov molecule los ntawm qhov nruab nrab aldehyde rau hauv cov kua qaub uas tuaj yeem pub cov hydrogen ion, uas yog vim li cas formic acid yog acidic heev thaum formaldehyde yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrab hauv cov kua dej.
Lawv Cov Khoom Sib Piv Li Cas?
Cov cuab yeej sib piv yog yooj yim pom hauv kev sib piv. Formaldehyde yog cov roj nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub thiab yog siv raws li cov tshuaj formalin, thaum formic acid yog cov kua uas melts nyob ib ncig ntawm 10 degrees Celsius. Formaldehyde yog qhov tseem ceeb nruab nrab nrog pKa ze 13.2, thaum formic acid yog cov kua qaub ntau dua nrog pKa ze 3.77. Formalin boils ze 96 degrees Celsius, thaum formic acid boils ze 101 degrees Celsius. Ob qho tib si yog miscible nrog dej, tab sis lawv cov acidity, lub cev lub cev, thiab cov phom sij yog sib txawv kiag li.
Lawv cov ntawv thov txawv li cas?
Ob lub tebchaw ua haujlwm sib txawv. Formaldehyde yog ib lub tsev loj rau cov resins xws li urea-formaldehyde thiab phenol-formaldehyde, uas yog siv rau hauv particleboard, plywood, thiab molded khoom. Nws kuj yog siv rau hauv embalming kua thiab ua biocide thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Formic acid yog siv nyob rau hauv tawv tanning, textile dyeing thiab xov, thiab raws li ib tug preservative nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj noj thiab silage. Nyob rau hauv European Union, formic acid nqa cov zaub mov additive tooj E236 rau preservative siv, thaum formaldehyde tsis siv los ua zaub mov preservative.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog formaldehyde thiab formic acid yog tib yam khoom?Tsis yog. Formaldehyde yog ib qho aldehyde nrog cov mis HCHO, thaum formic acid yog carboxylic acid nrog cov mis HCOOH.
Qhov twg yog cov kua qaub ntau dua, formaldehyde lossis formic acid?Formic acid yog ntau acidic, nrog pKa ze 3.77, thaum formaldehyde tseem ceeb nruab nrab nrog pKa ze 13.2.
Puas yog formaldehyde roj hauv chav sov?Yog lawm, ntshiab formaldehyde yog ib qho roj ntawm chav tsev kub thiab yog ib txwm ua raws li cov dej tshuaj hu ua formalin.
Formic acid puas tuaj yeem siv los ua zaub mov noj?Formic acid tau tso cai ua E236 preservative nyob rau hauv European Union nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj txwv, feem ntau yog rau pub thiab tej yam khoom.
Puas yog formalin muaj qhov ntom ntom li formic acid tov?Tsis yog, 37 feem pua formalin muaj qhov ceev ze 1.08 g / cm3, thaum 90 feem pua formic acid muaj qhov ceev ze 1.20 g / cm3.
Puas yog formaldehyde txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv?Yog lawm, formaldehyde yog cais raws li tib neeg carcinogen thiab muaj zog irritant, yog li yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom tsawg li tsawg tau.