Acetonitrile (CAS No.75-05-8), tseem hu ua methyl cyanide los yog cyanomethane, yog xim tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj kuab lom organic hnyav nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ethereal. Raws li qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws organic nitrile, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev lag luam, tshuaj, thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas vim nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, kuv yuav qhia cov qauv, cov khoom, kev npaj, thiab kev siv ntawmacetonitrile (ACN hnyav) .
Acetonitrile Formula
Acetonitrile (CAS No. 75 05 8)yog hydrocyanic acid nrog cov mis molecular CH₃CN. Raws li nws cov qauv molecular, acetonitrile raug cais raws li nitrile vim muaj cov pab pawg cyano. Qhov hnyav molecular ntawm acetonitrile yog 41.05 g / mol.
Qauv:
Acetonitrile CH3CN muaj ob lub atoms, peb hydrogen atoms, thiab ib tug nitrogen atom. Cov pab pawg nitrile (-CN) txuas nrog methyl pawg (-CH₃), muab nws qhov tshwj xeeb reactivity thiab polarity.
- Cov qauv qauv ntawm acetonitrile yog qhia hauv qab no:
Acetonitrile (CAS No.75 05 8) Khoom:
| Tshuaj npe | Cov tshuaj acetonitrile |
| CAS Nr | 75-05-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C₂H₃N |
| Molecular Luj | 41.05 g / mol |
| Qhov tshwm sim | Cov kua dej tsis muaj xim |
| tsw | Ether-zoo li tsw |
| Qhov ntom | 0.786 g / cm³ (20 degree) |
| Boiling Point | 81.6 degree |
| Melting Point | -45.7 degree |
| Flash Point | 2 degree |
| Autoignition Kub | 524 degree |
| Vapor Siab | 9.7 kPa (25 degree) |
| Refractive Index | 1.344 (20 degree) |
| Dielectric tsis tu ncua | ~ 37.5 (25 degree) |
| viscosity | 0.37 cP (25 degree) |
| Solubility hauv dej | Miscible |
| Polarity | Polar aprotic kuab tshuaj |
| Log P (Octanol / Dej) | -0.34 |
| evaporation tus nqi | Ceev ceev |
| Explosion txwv | 4.4% – 16% (v/v) |
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog cov khoom thiab cov lus qhia ntawm acetonitrile? Tiv tauj peb!
Kev npaj ntawm Acetonitrile tshuaj
Acetonitrile tshuaj kua yog tsim raws li ib tug byproduct thaum lub sij hawm tsim acrylonitrile. Acetonitrile tseem tuaj yeem npaj tau los ntawm hydrogenating cov pa roj carbon monoxide sib xyaw thiab dehydrating acetamide thiab ammonia.
Methyl Cyanide MeCN kuj tau npaj los ntawm acetic acid thiab ammonia:
- Kauj Ruam 1: Neutralize acetic acid nrog ammonia los tsim ammonium acetate.
- Kauj Ruam 2: Sib tov cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm ammonium acetate nrog gaseous ammonia. Preheat cov tshuaj thiab muab cov sib tov rau hauv ib lub txaj ruaj khov reactor uas muaj txhuas oxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yields acetonitrile tov nrog gasses, thiab cov roj yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev nruam refining los tsim acetonitrile.
Organic kuab tshuaj Acetonitrile siv
- Chromatography (HPLC): Acetonitrile ACN yog siv los ua lub sijhawm txawb vim nws qhov UV pob tshab, tsis muaj viscosity, thiab siab elution zog.
- Pharmaceutical Industry: Siv nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm vitamin B, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam khoom siv tshuaj nquag (APIs).
- Chemical Synthesis: Acetonitrile (CAS No.75 05 8) yog ob-carbon tsev thaiv hauv cov organic chemistry.
- Extraction Solvent: Ua hauj lwm hauv kev ua kom huv ntawm hydrocarbons (butadiene) thiab tshem tawm cov roj fatty acids los ntawm tsiaj / zaub roj.
- Cov roj teeb: Acetonitrile kua yog siv los ua cov dej tsis huv hauv cov lithium-ion roj teeb electrolytes vim nws qhov siab dielectric tas li.
- Lwm yam: Siv hauv kev tsim tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tsw qab, hluavtaws fibers, thiab hauv photolithography.
Nyem qhov no xa ib qho kev nug
Cov lus nug nquag
CAS 75-05-8 Acetonitrile AC muaj cov khoom xws li qis viscosity, siab elution zog, tsis tshua muaj UV nqus, thiab zoo sib xws nrog dej, ua rau nws yog ib qho kev xaiv rau high-performance kua chromatography (HPLC).
Acetonitrile tsis tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov kua qaub lossis ua lub hauv paus.
Yog lawm, Acetonitrile (ACN) yog tag nrho miscible nrog dej ntawm txhua qhov sib piv hauv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig.
Yog lawm, ACN (CAS 75-05-8) yog cov kua hluav taws xob uas muaj hluav taws kub heev nrog lub teeb nyem ntawm li 2 degree. Nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom deb ntawm tshav kub, sparks, thiab qhib nplaim taws.
Acetonitrile hnyav yuav tsum tau khaws cia:
- Hauv qhov chaw txias, zoo - qhov cua nkag
- Tawm ntawm oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev thiab qhov chaw ignition
- Nyob rau hauv nruj nreem kaw ntim
- Raws li cov cai tswj kev phom sij (UN1648)
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