16 yam tseem ceeb
- 6 cov ntsiab lus loj: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
- 3 yam khoom nruab nrab: calcium, magnesium, sulfur
- 7 kab kawm: hlau, manganese, boron, zinc, tooj liab, molybdenum, chlorine
- Nitrogen: Lub hauv paus muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ntau yam tshuaj, cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lub neej, cov nroj tsuag tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm nitrogen hauv txhua txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Nplooj nplooj xav tau nitrogen ntau dua.
- Phosphorus: Nws yog ib feem ntawm nucleic acid, adenosine phosphate thiab phytic acid. Adenosine phosphate yog lub zog thauj khoom, thiab phytic acid ua rau cov nroj tsuag tsim cov kab mob hauv lub cev xws li cov noob thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yog li phosphorus txhawb nqa cov noob tag nrho thiab txhawb nqa qhov zoo.
- Potassium: 1. Txhawb nqa kev thauj mus los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab lwm cov as-ham, txhawb cov photosynthesis, txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm cov molecules me xws li qab zib thiab cov amino acids mus rau hauv cov molecules loj xws li cellulose, lignin, thiab protein, nce cov khoom noj khoom haus, yog li cov poov tshuaj tuaj yeem txhim kho. zoo thiab txhawb cov xim. Resistance rau chaw nyob, drought, txias, kab mob thiab kab. 2. Txhawb kev ua kom muaj ntau tshaj 60 enzymes kom tswj tau cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev. 3. Potassium ion adjusts osmotic siab, kho stomata hloov mus tswj transpiration, thiab txhim khu drought kuj. 4. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo xav tau cov poov tshuaj ntau dua.
- Calcium: 1. Kho nrog pectin nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa, stabilize lub cell phab ntsa, ntxiv dag zog rau cov nroj tsuag qauv, thiab txhim khu cov nroj tsuag cov kab mob tiv thaiv thiab chaw nyob. 2. Kev tswj xyuas cov haujlwm ntawm qee cov enzymes tseem ceeb yog kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. 3. Tswj pH intracellular thiab tiv thaiv kev sib sau thiab lom ntawm cov organic acids hauv cov nroj tsuag. 4. Txhawb cov nroj tsuag nqus nitrate nitrogen. 5. Txhim kho av lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
- Magnesium: 1. Lub hauv paus atom ntawm chlorophyll molecule, photosynthesis yog inseparable ntawm magnesium. 2. Txhawb nqa cov amino acid synthesis protein, magnesium deficiency amino acid tsub zuj zuj, yog li cov nroj tsuag muaj kab mob. 3. Magnesium koom nrog cov txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm phosphoric acid, thiab cov qoob loo tsis tuaj yeem tsim tsis muaj magnesium. 4. Magnesium thiab sulfur ua hauj lwm ib txhij, thiab cov roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog loj heev.
- Sulfur: 1. Koom nrog cov protein synthesis, feem ntau cov proteins muaj sulfur-muaj amino acids. 2. Sulfur koom nrog hauv cov rog synthesis thiab metabolism. 3. Sulfur tsis yog ib feem ntawm chlorophyll, tab sis cuam tshuam rau cov synthesis ntawm chlorophyll. 4. Ua kom dos, qej, mustard, thiab lwm yam. muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb.
- Hlau: 1. Nws yog ib feem ntawm hlau-sulfur protein thiab lwm yam enzymes, thiab plays lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv redox nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si metabolism ntawm photosynthesis thiab ua pa. 2. Nws yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hlau-phosphorus protein thiab tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm. 3. Nws yog ib feem ntawm cov hlau-molybdenum protein (nitrogenase) thiab yog cov nroj tsuag uas muaj nitrogen-fixing nyhuv.
- Zinc: 1. Nws yog ib feem ntawm 59 enzymes thiab plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv photosynthesis, ua pa, protein synthesis, thiab cov tshuaj hormone synthesis. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog kev ua liaj ua teb, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv cog qoob loo, thiab cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb, thov hu rau Baidu Micro Agricultural Materials. 2. Txhawb cov synthesis ntawm auxin (indole acetic acid) thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kabmob tshiab. 3. Tiv thaiv cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov hauv paus cell membrane, txhim kho cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm tiv taus drought.
- Manganese: 1. Nws yog ib feem ntawm ntau enzymes. 2. Manganese deficiency inhibits protein synthesis, ua rau nitrate tsub zuj zuj hauv cov nroj tsuag, thiab ua rau cov nroj tsuag muaj teeb meem. 3. tuaj yeem txhawb oxidation ntawm indole acetic acid, siab concentration ntawm manganese txhawb kev decomposition ntawm auxin, ntau manganese yuav inhibit cov nroj tsuag loj hlob.
- Copper: 1. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ntau yam enzymes, koom nrog hauv cov protein thiab qab zib metabolism, stabilize chlorophyll muaj nuj nqi, thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxov ntxov ntawm chlorophyll. 2. Koom nrog hauv kev ua pa metabolism. 3. Koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov nitrogen-fixing nodules.
- Boron: Nws tsis yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis nws tseem ceeb heev. 1. Txhawb nqa kev thauj mus los ntawm cov suab thaj thiab auxin, tsim cov nectar, nyiam cov kab pollination, txhawb cov suab thaj thiab auxin concentration ntawm paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. 2. Ua kom auxin xav tau thauj los ntawm vascular bundles los ua xylem daim ntawv ib txwm. 3. Boron thiab calcium ua hauj lwm ua ke los tsim ib qho intercellular kua nplaum qauv, tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub cell phab ntsa qauv, thiab txhim khu kev mob khaub thuas thiab kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. 4. Conducive rau nitrogen fixation ntawm legumes.
- Molybdenum: 1. Cov nroj tsuag muaj qhov xav tau tsawg tshaj plaws rau molybdenum, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov hlau-molybdenum lav nitrogenase thiab nitrate reductase. 2. Molybdenum daj protein tsis tuaj yeem raug tsim tawm thaum molybdenum tsis txaus, ua rau muaj nitrate ntau hauv cov nroj tsuag, uas ua rau cov zaub mov tsis zoo. 3. Molybdenum deficiency cuam tshuam rau nitrogen fixation los ntawm nitrogen-fixing kab mob. 4. tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm txhuas rau cov nroj tsuag. 5. Txhawb kev nqus ntawm phosphorus thiab txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm vitamin C.
- Cov tshuaj chlorine: tswj cov nqi sib npaug nrog cations, tswj ph nqi, tswj cov cell o, kho cov stomatal kaw nrog poov tshuaj, sib npaug photosynthesis thiab dej transpiration.